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The names of meals

PotomacBob 🚫

When I was a kid and lived on a "farm" (3 acres), we had 3 meals a day - breakfast early in the morning, dinner at mid-day, and supper in the evening. After we moved to town (population 1,600), the meals became breakfast, lunch and supper. Dinner was still the mid-day meal on Sundays and was when the family gathered. it was the biggest meal of the week, and leftovers from Sunday dinner were eaten in subsequent meals until gone.
I don't know whether the names of those meals were regional or limited to jut our family. On SOL, I've seen authors use both dinner and supper for the evening meal, but have not seen the mid-day meal called dinner.
Is there some rhyme or reason about the naming of meals? Some historical preference? I've noticed in English mystery stories that there is a meal called tea, but I'm not sure it's anything more than a snack.
Anybody knowledgeable about the naming of meals?

jimq2 🚫

@PotomacBob

The large mid-day Dinner was sort of a Southern thing, with a light Supper served in the evening frequently including left-overs from Dinner before they went bad. I remember hearing about my grandfather in the '40's coming home from the bank for his dinner and then going back to work. I also remember that what men carried to work was referred to as a dinner pail, not a lunch box.

tendertouch 🚫

@PotomacBob

Something similar for me. When I was younger and spending summers on my aunt's farm, dinner was the midday meal, supper the evening meal. I've heard some others refer to the meals that way in general, but mostly it's been breakfast, lunch, dinner/supper (the distinction seems almost arbitrary.)

As for tea, you got me. I read a story once (not sure where) where it was explained as being tea if the evening meal was before some time, and supper if it was after that time. Same meal, though.

Switch Blayde 🚫
Updated:

@PotomacBob

"Dinner" refers to the largest meal of the day.

So if you typically eat breakfast, lunch, and dinner, but the "lunch" (which is midday) happens to be the largest meal of the day, it's called "dinner" as in your Sunday dinner midday meal.

But I grew up in Brooklyn, NY and it was always breakfast, lunch, and supper.

I was in a bed and breakfast in England when I was in my 20s and remember the hostess calling us down for 4 p.m. tea. It was tea and a snack like cookies or biscuits.

Replies:   Crumbly Writer
Crumbly Writer 🚫

@Switch Blayde

By and large, the Supper/Dinner distinction is a northerner/southerner, but with a fair amount of crossover based on where the family was originally from. Then there's "bunch", typically served on Sunday, when you sleep laterβ€”or after churchβ€”and then go to eat, and the name is a combination of, clearly, "breakfast" and "lunch", usually eaten around 10:30, halfway between 8a.m. and 12p.m. And in many cities, it's the perfect opportunity to visit the popular jazz clubs where the lighter combination fits the mostly casual conversation, snacking public engagement. Yet they're all very American.

Replies:   Dominions Son
Dominions Son 🚫

@Crumbly Writer

By and large, the Supper/Dinner distinction is a northerner/southerner, but with a fair amount of crossover based on where the family was originally from.

As a northerner(Wisconsin) who's family uses both, here is the distinction/overlap as I understand it.

Dinner is the largest meal of the day that a family eats together.

Supper is the evening meal.

The shift of Dinner from a mid day meal (lunch) to the evening meal was the result of industrialization. With the amount of time kids spent in school increasing and most adults working out side the home, families no longer eat lunch together.

As to a northern/southern difference in dinner/supper, the northern US industrialized earlier and more extensively.

sunseeker 🚫
Updated:

@PotomacBob

Small town BC Canada in the 70's my family ate breakfast, lunch and supper...and an evening meal at a restaurant was called dinner or supper, ie "let's go out for dinner tonight". Can't remember ever calling supper dinner when we ate at home.

Lunch was usually the smallest meal of the day and many times was skipped if we were busy, supper being the largest.

SunSeeker

Dominions Son 🚫

@PotomacBob

My own understanding is that the transition from "dinner" being the mid-day meal to being the evening meal is a result of the industrial revolution.

When most people lived and worked on farms, lunch would be a large meal with the family gathered together.

However, starting in the industrial age and continuing into the modern era, with migration to cities and outside employment, at least one parent is working outside the home and any children older than 5 are at school. So lunch is no longer a family affair and the large family meal becomes the evening meal.

jimq2 🚫

@PotomacBob

Also better lighting allowed for later meals.

DBActive 🚫
Updated:

@PotomacBob

My (limited) understanding is the for Brits traditionally "tea" is just small bites in the mid-afternoon. "High tea" or evening tea was a meal with meat or other main course. Supper was a light meal after that. Dinner was the primary meal at midday.
I think that those distinctions have eroded somewhat with evening tea and supper blending together and lunch replacing dinner.
ETA: I think it's likely that these terms vary by region and class.

REP 🚫

@PotomacBob

Breakfast is a standard term for the morning meal.

The meal associated with lunch, dinner, supper, and tea appears to be regional usage. The only usage of tea that I am aware of is for a light meal, commonly sandwiches, that is typically eaten between breakfast and the mid-day meal or between the mid-day meal and the evening meal.

shinerdrinker 🚫

@PotomacBob

Personally, I prefer the Hobbit meal plan.

breakfast, second breakfast, elevenses, luncheon, afternoon tea, and dinner

That could explain my fall into pre-diabetes... nah, that's just a coincidence.

--Shinerdrinker

Replies:   black_coffee
black_coffee 🚫

@shinerdrinker

something something Shiner Bock something

Diamond Porter 🚫

@PotomacBob

As far as the original meanings of the words: Dinner is when people dine. Supper is when they sup on soup and sops (all originating from the same word).

Around 1400, for the nobility and rich merchants trying to impress their guests, the main meal was dinner. It was eaten sometime after midday. Then, being rich, and still trying to impress their guests, they would have a second large meal - supper - at sunset, allowing them to show off their candelabras. Breakfast was not, in this situation, a meal; it was just the first snack people ate in the morning, to tide them over until dinner. Of course, there was no tea at that time.

Around 1850, for British gentry, dinner and supper were still at similar times, though tea had become a small meal in between the two in Britain, and breakfast had graduated to be a small meal of its own. I don't think that tea ever caught on as a meal in America, but Alice in Wonderland says that 6:00 is tea time in England.

Tolkien's list of meals reflects a time when luncheon had already joined the ranks of meals, but old meals like elevenses and teatime were still around (embellished with a few extra meals for hobbits).

Since then, our daily work schedule (in America and Britain) has changed. Dinner drifted later in the day. As a child, I had some neighbors who ate dinner at 5:00, while others ate supper at 6 or 7. By that time, the two meals were merging to become the only regular large meal for most families.

What you choose to call meals, and when they are eaten, depends on when you set your story.

Replies:   awnlee jawking
awnlee jawking 🚫

@Diamond Porter

but Alice in Wonderland says that 6:00 is tea time in England.

No, no, no!

English tea time is four o'clock.

To quote a traditional school song, "At half past three, we go home for tea."

More afternoon tea history.

AJ

Replies:   REP
REP 🚫

@awnlee jawking

In one article I read, I don't recall which, it said that in England afternoon tea starts at 4:00 for the lower social class and at 5:00, or later, for the upper class.

Replies:   Not_a_ID
Not_a_ID 🚫

@REP

In one article I read, I don't recall which, it said that in England afternoon tea starts at 4:00 for the lower social class and at 5:00, or later, for the upper class

Kind of makes sense, as the lower classes are likely serving tea to the upper class members at 5. So they either have it beforehand or wait until later.

akarge 🚫

@PotomacBob

Washington state. Rural town, but I didn't live on a farm. I grew up in the 50s, 60s and 70s.

Breakfast, lunch, and dinner. I heard other people use dinner and supper interchangeably.

Formal Dinners were just on the holiday; Thanksgiving, Christmas, and Easter.

I remember occasionally getting confused about the terms when I was reading a book set in the south, or set sometime in the past.

ian_macf 🚫

@PotomacBob

I grew up in England in the 40s and 50s. As best I remember, first meal was always breakfast. Mid-day meal was usually lunch, except at school, we had "school dinners". Evening meal was usually dinner, but if it was later (9pm ?) it was supper.

I came to Australia in the 70s, and was surprised that the evening meal was usually called tea, even if it was a main meal (meat and veg). In England, tea was a late afternoon lightish meal, bread or sandwiches, cake, biscuits(cookies). Tea was an occasional not a regular thing.

Ian

Replies:   Crumbly Writer
Crumbly Writer 🚫

@ian_macf

What's more, in the U.S.'s deep-South states, they drink "Sweet Tea", as in sickly sweet, often loaded with more sugar than a soft drink, and they never drink hot tea. What's more, they drink their sweet teas nearly all day long, like the rest of the world drinks water. And they wonder why their diabetes incident rates are SO high.

Rodeodoc 🚫

@Crumbly Writer

But if you drink your sweet tea whilst eating some hot boiled peanuts, the sugar in the tea is blotted up and doesn't count.

Also, for you Yankees, if you're in the South and order tea, it's going to be sweet tea. Unsweetened tea must be specified, and then the waitresses will mock you by saying "Bless your heart."

Crumbly Writer 🚫

@Rodeodoc

Yep, "Bless your heart," with a distinct "you imbecile" emphasis. Generally, the Deep South has never forgiven their loss during the our Civil War, resenting the Northerners' Industrial focus, generally a more productive use of land than faming offered in the olden daysβ€”thus requiring large numbers of slaves or indentured servants to sustain.

palamedes 🚫

@Rodeodoc

Also, for you Yankees, if you're in the South and order tea, it's going to be sweet tea. Unsweetened tea must be specified, and then the waitresses will mock you by saying "Bless your heart."

I don't know for sure but I do believe that people in the South consider Sweet Tea with less than 1 inch (2.5cm) of undissolved sugar in the bottom of the serving pitcher even after stirring as unsweetened.

Dominions Son 🚫

@Crumbly Writer

What's more, in the U.S.'s deep-South states, they drink "Sweet Tea", as in sickly sweet, often loaded with more sugar than a soft drink, and they never drink hot tea.

I have seen sweet tea described as sugar with a few tea spoons of tea added to it. :)

Diamond Porter 🚫

@Crumbly Writer

Travelling in the 1980s, it seemed that if you ordered "tea" without specifying what kind, north of Cincinnati, you would get a hot drink, and south of there you would get an iced drink. However, in some parts of the South, it would come unsweetened, and I never figured out the regional distribution of sweet versus unsweetened.

Replies:   jimq2
jimq2 🚫

@Diamond Porter

I found that when driving semi through the 70's, 80's and 90's, generally the Atlantic coast states, VA, NC, SC, & GA, served unsweetened tea and the Gulf coast states, FL, AL, MS, LA, AR, & TX, served sweet tea unless you asked for unsweet. KY, TN, & OK was anyone's guess what you would get. Anything north & west of those states used to serve just unsweetened tea. New England gave you hot tea unless you specified iced. Now a days, you can get sweet tea all the way to the Canadian border.

Also, in those Gulf coast states, if you asked for a Coke, you were asked, "What flavor?" Coke was the universal name for soda pop. That included 7Up, NeHi, & Dr Pepper and a bunch of local brands.

Replies:   akarge
akarge 🚫
Updated:

@jimq2

Also, in those Gulf coast states, if you asked for a Coke, you were asked, "What flavor?" Coke was the universal name for soda pop. That included 7Up, NeHi, & Dr Pepper and a bunch of local brands.

I ran into that in the Army, (77 to 81)
Confusing as all get-out, the first few times.

Ahab 🚫
Updated:

@PotomacBob

In the UK it's very much regional and class related. Growing up in a working class family in the the south of England in the 70's and 80's, we had breakfast, dinner and tea, with dinner and tea being somewhat situational as to the content, depending on the day of the week, location and activities, i.e. weekdays dinner may have been sandwiches and tea a full meal, but vice-versa at weekends. Or both could be hot meals. Supper was an occasional thing and only as a late meal due ongoing activities etc. It wasn't helped by one parent being from the south of England and the other originally from the north-east of England. I think 'tea' as a meal term may have devolved from 'afternoon tea'?

ian_macf 🚫

@PotomacBob

There is some info in Wikipedia - search for "meal"

Ian

akarge 🚫

@PotomacBob

Just guessing, but I would bet that the evening meal starts later for those same upper class types.

Paladin_HGWT 🚫

@PotomacBob

The terms for meals is generally determined by era, nation/region (and the Urban/Rural divide), Class, and other factors.

Breakfast ("Breaking the Fast") might be a light meal, however, for those who typically performed hard physical labor outdoors, it was a substantial meal, if possible. Porridge/oatmeal/gruel, fortified with meat if possible; or Eggs, bacon/sausage (or beefsteak), potatoes, and perhaps fruit, toast, etc. Typically eaten shortly after Dawn (and pre-dawn chores in the early Spring, late Fall, and Winter).

Miday meal was Dinner, more so when the Sun determined the hours of the workday. It was the most substantial meal of the day, and typically the entire (extended) Family gathered together to eat it. {Breakfast might be eaten in shifts with some performing chores, and the womenfolk cooking, the menfolk ate, then the younger kids, and finally the womenfolk, while the older males were already out working.}

Lunch, as mentioned by others, became more common due to industrialization, and the impractabillity of men coming home for lunch (and mandatory schooling for children).

Tea was primarily for the "Leisure" Class(es), more-so the Gentry (and "Commerical") Class(es) than the Nobility. Ladies were most likely to do this daily (except on Sundays), and it was often social (on a small scale) an opportunity to pass on news and gossip, as well as plan upcoming events, etc.

The evening meal was Supper, as in soup (or stews, aka "Leftovers" from previous meals), and might be served cold (room temperature) rather than (re)heated. Supper was typically eaten near sundown, before or after, depending upon the time of the year. People usually went to bed soon after.

Dinner in the evening became more common as it became more common for men to work too far from home to eat a midday meal with family. Also, gaslight, and then electrical lighting, permitted people to remain awake longer after sundown.

Supper (has) remained more common in the Southern states of the USA, and the Plains (and other farming regions); as well as some parts of the United Kingdom and other parts of the English speaking world.

Replies:   Crumbly Writer
Crumbly Writer 🚫

@Paladin_HGWT

Yep, "Supper" is pretty limited to the Deep South or the people who grew up there before moving, so the term is rarely heard in the northeast, midwest or Southern California. The other portions of the western states are mostly less populated and thus fairly consistently conservative, so they're similar to the Deep-Southern states with some mostly minor variations. Whereas cities tend to be pretty universally more liberal, as most tend to move away once the start focusing on raising families

Mainly raise them there, but again, their kids tend to head wherever they want, eagerly seeking independence and their own versions of personal freedom.

Thus I'd expect the use of "Supper" to be in those more conservative, less economically robust regions. Though again, most 'liberal' cities tend to be surrounded to more-financially viable conservation regions, so you get some interesting mixtures in close proximities.

Replies:   jimq2
jimq2 🚫

@Crumbly Writer

35-50 years ago, I heard supper used extensively all around rural Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, and Iowa. Then think about Chicago and NYC having Supper Clubs.

Replies:   Dominions Son
Dominions Son 🚫

@jimq2

35-50 years ago, I heard supper used extensively all around rural Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, and Iowa. Then think about Chicago and NYC having Supper Clubs.

Also in Wisconsin.

richardshagrin 🚫

@PotomacBob

A Din is a loud noise. A diner is a person who makes a loud noise.

Diner - Wikipedia

Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org ' wiki ' Diner
What is correct, diner or dinner?
One of the most common mistakes associated with these words is confusing them with each other. It is important to remember that 'diner' refers to the small restaurant while 'dinner' refers to the evening meal.

Diamond Porter 🚫

@richardshagrin

A person who makes pins is a pinner (two n's). That profession is long obsolete, and the word has gone out of use.

A person who commits a sin is a sinner (two n's). This "profession" is unlikely to ever be obsolete.

So, someone who makes a din should also be spelled with two n's, as "dinner." This is the same as the name of the meal. I think this word is the opposite of obsolete: the word has not yet come into use, and I doubt it ever will.

awnlee jawking 🚫

@Diamond Porter

A person who makes pins is a pinner (two n's). That profession is long obsolete, and the word has gone out of use.

Except as a place name, often referred to in a mocking fashion.

AJ

Crumbly Writer 🚫

@Diamond Porter

Usually, the use of two duplicate consonants is based on the sound with local usage variations, where the usage is different between American, British and other regional English variants.

Crumbly Writer 🚫

@richardshagrin

Typically, a "diner" is one where they serve fairly common fair, most often the older Trailer-style types, where you can either sit at a table or at the main counter so you can either take your time or simply 'dine and dash'.

However I have no clue whether those old-style diners ever existed anywhere other than the U.S., as I never encountered any in my European travels. So I have no idea whether is was the result of the cost of shipping them or not having access the same manufacturing facilities. Most European areas tend towards small, comfortable restaurants, usually where they serve much better food.

Replies:   LupusDei
LupusDei 🚫

@Crumbly Writer

In Soviet areas you would have found "eateries" I would tend to compare to... sort of school cafeterias made for general public but may be way off mark on that. Those, typically you would get *very* limited choices of questionable quality for dirt cheap prices (and/or some kind of "talons" -- food stamps issued by employer or institution in control off or contract with the eatery). The quality of the food coul vary wildly, not just by one eatery to the next, but even different days of the same. While as a rule the food would be still prepared or at least finished on premises by the personal at hand (sometimes of questionable skills at that) those were the closest you could get to commercially used pre-fabricated food in those areas. You would also get bare aluminum utensils that felt permanently dirty, often deformed.

jimq2 🚫

@PotomacBob

A diner is also one who is dining.

Replies:   Crumbly Writer
Crumbly Writer 🚫

@jimq2

Yep, one refers to an individual while the other refers to a physical structure. Thus one's a descriptive noun while the other is a plain noun.

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